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"Could climated-related environmental stressors influence the neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems involved in adolescent emotional development, stress, social connection, attraction, and romantic relationships?"

what happens when we fall in love?

                      HIGH ON YOU

 

It’s Math as he walks in, thanks to epi my hands start slipping.

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I look but not look and see you smile. My VTA fires, dopamine lights and soon I’m craving more.

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Staring at Snapchat, I can’t focus. I just want to talk, is that oxytocin? Damn the serotonin, making me redo my hair. Staring at TikTok, I still can’t focus.

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Reminiscent of Off Campus… is this love? Maybe just some neurobio? I can call it whatever I want, my prefrontal cortex isn’t fully developed.

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The adolescent brain experiences life differently because it is still developing, particularly in the prefrontal cortex region, which helps regulate decision-making, impulse control, and emotional responses. Meanwhile, the brain’s limbic and reward systems develop earlier, playing important roles in processing emotions, motivation, and the anticipation of rewarding experiences. Adolescents also have naturally shifting circadian rhythms that alter their life experiences.

Adolescent brain - what makes it different?

Abstract Brain Illustration

Neurobiology is the study of how the brain, nervous system, and chemical messengers work together to influence our thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. During adolescence, the brain is still developing, as neurotransmitters and hormones such as dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin, norepinephrine, and cortisol help regulate motivation, attachment, mood, attention, and stress.

Adolescent brain - neurobiology

Vintage Brain Illustration

A closer look at the science of an adolescent brain

CHANGING PLANET

Sunset Above Clouds

Here are two TED talk style videos with Muskaan Muse Laroyia from Brain and Climate Equity. The first one talks about the HPA axis & cortisol and the second talks about sleep and mood changes :

Helicopter Over Wildfire
ScreenRecording_10-09-2026 23-53-00_1.mov
ScreenRecording_10-09-2026 23-57-30_1.mov

extreme heat

Wildfire smokes

Putting it all together - the adolescent brain in love on a changing planet

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PATHWAY - EXTREME HEAT

PATHWAY - WILDFIRE SMOKES

EQUITY LENS

Introduction

Climate change does not affect all adolescents equally. Although extreme heat, wildfire smoke, and other climate-related stressors can affect anyone, their impacts are often greatest among young people who experience higher environmental exposure and have fewer resources to protect their health. Socioeconomic status, housing quality, access to air conditioning and clean indoor air, healthcare access, disability, and social support can all influence how well an adolescent can cope with climate-related stress. These inequalities matter during adolescence, a critical period of brain development, emotional regulation, identity formation, and social connection.
Who carries the greatest burden?

Adolescents from low-income households: Young people living in poorly cooled housing or neighbourhoods with limited green space may face greater exposure to extreme heat. Limited access to cooling, transportation, and other resources can make it harder to recover from heat-related sleep disruption and stress.

Indigenous communities: Some Indigenous communities face disproportionate climate-related risks, including wildfire smoke, extreme weather, and disruptions to traditional lands, food systems, and community well-being. These risks vary by community and are shaped by geography, infrastructure, historical inequities, and access to resources.

 

Adolescents with disabilities or chronic health conditions: Some young people may be more vulnerable to heat or air pollution and may face additional barriers to accessing cooling spaces, healthcare, or emergency support.
 

Youth experiencing housing insecurity: Adolescents without stable, safe housing may have limited control over their indoor temperature and air quality. They may also have fewer opportunities to rest, maintain regular sleep schedules, and access supportive environments during climate events.
 

Racialized, migrant, and socially marginalized youth: Discrimination, language barriers, unequal access to healthcare, and limited social support can compound climate-related vulnerability. The degree of risk depends on each person's circumstances rather than identity alone.
 

Adolescents living in areas with frequent heat or wildfire smoke: Geography, neighbourhood design, outdoor activities, and local infrastructure can influence exposure. Young people who cannot easily avoid outdoor conditions or access clean, cool indoor spaces may face greater challenges.

Sources:

World Health Organization. (2023, October 12). Climate Change. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health

Canada, H. (2022). Workbook for the Canadian health sector: climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessments - Canada.ca. Canada.Ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/healthy-living/climate-health-adapt-vulnerability-adaptation-assessments-workbook.html
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1. Prioritize Your Sleep:
sleep plays an important role in memory, emotional regulation, attention, and adolescent brain development. Extreme heat can make restful sleep more difficult.
Try this: Keep your bedroom as cool as safely possible, maintain a consistent sleep schedule, and use a cooler sleeping space when available. Follow local heat-safety advice during extreme temperatures.

2. Check the Air Quality Before Going Outside:
Wildfire smoke contains fine particles that can affect respiratory and cardiovascular health. Reducing exposure is particularly important during smoke events.
Try this: Check your local Air Quality Health Index (AQHI), adjust strenuous outdoor activities when air quality is poor, and spend time in a cleaner indoor environment when possible.

3. Recognize When Stress Is Affecting You:
Climate-related events can contribute to worry, frustration, fatigue, or feelings of uncertainty. Recognizing these experiences can help you respond before stress becomes overwhelming.
Try this: Pause and identify what you are feeling. Take a few slow breaths, write down your concerns, or talk with someone you trust. If distress persists or interferes with daily life, consider seeking support from a counsellor or healthcare professional.

4. Communicate Openly in Your Relationships:
Stress and poor sleep can influence mood and patience, potentially making everyday disagreements harder to navigate. This does not mean climate stress determines how a relationship will go.
Try this: Explain how you feel without blaming the other person. For example, say, “I've been feeling overwhelmed today, and I need a little time to recharge,” rather than assuming the other person understands what you are experiencing.

5.  Avoid Making Assumptions About Attraction or Emotions:
Feeling tired, uncomfortable, or stressed can influence how you experience social situations. However, there is no strong evidence that heat or wildfire smoke directly determines whom you find attractive.
Try this: Give yourself time to understand your feelings. Avoid interpreting one difficult day, a change in mood, or an uncomfortable interaction as proof that your feelings toward someone have changed.

6.  Stay Hydrated and Recognize Heat Stress: 
Extreme heat can place additional demands on the body and interfere with concentration and comfort.
Try this: Drink water regularly, take breaks in cooler spaces, wear appropriate lightweight clothing, and reduce strenuous activity during very hot conditions. Follow public health guidance and seek medical assistance if you develop concerning symptoms of heat-related illness.

7.  Build a Supportive Social Circle:
Supportive relationships can help people cope with stress and navigate difficult circumstances. Connection and belonging are particularly important during adolescence.
Try this: Check in with friends, spend time with trusted people, and let others know when you need support. Remember that being a good friend also includes respecting boundaries and allowing others time to rest.

8. Create a Climate-Ready Routine:
Planning ahead can reduce uncertainty and help you make safer decisions when heatwaves or wildfire smoke occur.
Try this: Keep an eye on weather and air-quality alerts, identify accessible cooling and cleaner-air spaces, and make a backup plan for outdoor activities. If you cannot access a cool or clean-air environment at home, explore available community resources.
 
9. Set Healthy Boundaries With Climate News and Social Media:
Constant exposure to alarming climate-related news can feel overwhelming, particularly when it interferes with rest or daily activities.
Try this: Choose specific times to check reliable news sources, take breaks from distressing content, and focus on practical actions within your control. Staying informed is valuable, but you do not need to monitor every update.

10. Advocate for Healthier, More Equitable Communities:
Protecting brain health is not solely an individual responsibility. Everyone deserves access to safe housing, clean air, cool spaces, and supportive environments.
Try this: Encourage your school to provide shaded outdoor areas, accessible water stations, heat-safety plans, and cleaner indoor spaces during wildfire smoke events. Support community initiatives that improve access to green spaces and climate-health resources.

TIPS

Source: Canada, S. (2024). Wildfire smoke, air quality and your health: Protecting your physical and mental health - Canada.ca. Canada.Ca. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/healthy-living/environment/air-quality/wildfire-smoke/protecting-your-physical-mental-health.html

Kids Help Phone

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Free, confidential support for young people dealing with anxiety, stress, relationships, school pressures, or difficult emotions.

RESOURCES/HELPLINES

Alberta Mental Health Help Line

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Professional support, guidance, and referrals for people experiencing mental health or addiction concerns.

211 Alberta

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Helps people find local counselling, food assistance, housing support, community programs, and other social services.

  • Call: 211

  • Text: INFO to 211

  • Website: ab.211.ca

Counselling Alberta

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Connects Albertans with affordable professional counselling, including virtual and in-person options.

Mental Health Commission of Canada — Eco-Anxiety Resources

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Learn about climate distress, who may be disproportionately affected, and evidence-informed strategies for coping with environmental uncertainty.

Health Canada — Mental Health During Environmental Emergencies


Provides guidance on emotional responses to evacuations and environmental hazards, including wildfires and floods.​

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